Amiga_Hardware_Reference_Manual_3rd_Edition.pdf

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Hardvvare Reference Manual
Third Edition
Commodore-Amiga, Inc.
AMIGA TECHNICAL REFERENCE SERIES
...
.,..,.
Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
Reading, Massachusetts Menlo Park, California New York
Don Miils, Ontario Wokingham, England Amsterdam Bonn
Sydney Singapore Tokyo Madrid San Juan
Paris Seoul Milan Mexico City Taipei
Contributors:
Joe
Augen braun, Dan Baker, Greg Berlin, Susan Dey!, Ken Farinsky, Mark Green, Larry Greenley, Dave Haynie, Lee Ho,
Glenn Keller, Bill Kolb, Dale Luck, Jay Miner, Dave Needle, Bryce Nesbitt, Rob Peck, Nancy Rains, Chris Raymond, Tom Rokicki,
Jez San, Carolyn Scheppner, and Bart Whitebook.
Third edition by:
Larry Greenley, Mark Green, and Dan Baker
Cover designer:
I lannus Design Associates
Copyright© 1991 by Commodore-Electronics, Ltd.
Many of the designations used
by
manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products arc claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and
Addison-Wesl£'y was aware of a trademark claifl\ the designations have l:x-en printed in initial caps. Amiga, Amiga 500, Amiga 1000, Amiga 2000, and Amiga 3000 are registered
trademarks of Commodore-Amiga, Inc. AmigaDOS, Workbench, and Kickstart are trademarks of Commodore-Amiga, Inc. AliTOCONHG
is
a trademark
of
Commodore Elec-
tronics Limited.
68()(X),
68010, 68020, 68030, 68040, and Motorola are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Commodore and the Commodore logo are registered trademarks
ol
Com-
modore Electronics Limited. CAPE and Inovatronics are trademarks of lnovatronics, Inc. Centronics
is
a registered trademark of Centronics Data Computer Corp. I Iisoft and
Devpac Amiga are trademarks of HiSoft. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp. Madntosh is a registered trademark
of
Apple Computer, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T.
AU rights reserved. No part of this publication may
be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval systell\. or transmitted, in any form or
by
any means, electronic, mechanical photocopy-
ing.. recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the
United
States of America. Published simultaneously
in
Canada.
Commodore item number: 327272-05
123456789-AL-9594939291
First printing, August 1991
ISBN 0-201-56776-8
WARNING: The information described in this manual may contain errors or bugs, and may not function as described. All information
is
subject to enhancement or upgrade for
any reason including to fix bugs, add features, or change performance. As with all software upgrades, full compatibility, although a goal, cannot
be
guaranteed, and
is
in fact
unlikely.
DISCLAIMER:
CO~ODORE-AMIGA,
lNC,
(''COMMOLJORE') MAKES NO WARRANTIFS, FJTHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, OR REPESENTATIONS W!TI{ RESPECT
10 TilE Il\o'FORMATION DESCRJBED HEREIN. SUCH INFORMATION IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS' BASIS AND IS EXPRESSLY SUBJECT 10 CHANGE WITI-IOUT
NOTICE. IN" NO EVENT WILL COMMODORE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTil,IG FROM
A..'\'Y
CLAIM ARISL'JC OUT OF TI-IE INFOR.\iA TION PRESENTED HEREIN, EVEN IF IT HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SOME STATES DO
NOT ALLOW 11 IE EXCLt.:SlON OR LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR UABllJ11ES FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
so
TI IE ABOVE
L'MITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT Al'I'LY.
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CONTENTS
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
....................................................................................................
Components of the Amiga .................................. .............................................. ................. .... .......... ...
About the Examples .................. .............. ............... ....... .. ..... ..... ......... .................... .. .............. ... .. ........
General Amiga Development Guidelines .... .. ... ....... ..... .. ... .. .............. ... .. ... ............ .. .. ............ ... .. ... .....
Chapter 2 COPROCESSOR HARDWARE
.............................................................................
About the Copper................................................................................................................................
What is a Copper Instruction?.............................................................................................................
The MOVE Instruction.......................................................................................................................
The WAIT Instruction.........................................................................................................................
Using the Copper Registers.................................................................................................................
Putting Together a Copper Instruction List.........................................................................................
Starting and Stopping the Copper.......................................................................................................
Advanced Topics.................................................................................................................................
Summary of Copper Instructions .......... .. ... .. .. ... ............ .. ... .. ................. .. ... .. ....... ..... ....... ....... ..... ... .. ...
Chapter 3 PLA YFIELD HARDWARE......................................................................................
About Amiga Playfields ..... .. .. ... ....... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... .. .. ........ .. .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. .. ... ... .. ..... .. ... .. .. ... .. ........
Forming a Basic Playfield...................................................................................................................
Forming a Dual-playfield Display.......................................................................................................
Bitplanes and Display Windows of All Sizes.....................................................................................
Moving (Scrolling) Playfields .......... ....... .......... ..... .. .. ....................................... ....... .......... .. ...............
Advanced Topics.................................................................................................................................
Summary ofPlayfield Registers..........................................................................................................
Summary of Color Selection Registers...............................................................................................
Chapter 4 SPRITE HARDWARE............................................................................................
What are Sprites? ..... ............ ....... ....... ..... ... .. ..... ............ .. ....... ........ .... ... ..... ......... ..... ....... ....... ... ..... .....
Forming a Sprite..................................................................................................................................
Displaying a Sprite..............................................................................................................................
Moving a Sprite ...................................................................................................................................
Creating Additional Sprites .................................................................................................................
Reusing Sprite DMA Channels ...........................................................................................................
Overlapped Sprites ..............................................................................................................................
Attached Sprites..................................................................................................................................
Manual Mode......................................................................................................................................
Sprite Hardware Details......................................................................................................................
Summary of Sprite Registers ..............................................................................................................
Summary of Sprite Color Registers....................................................................................................
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