Designing Democratic Government- Making Institutions Work.pdf

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D
ESIGNING
D
EMOCRATIC
G
OVERNMENT
D
ESIGNING
D
EMOCRATIC
G
OVERNMENT
M
AKING
I
NSTITUTIONS
W
ORK
M
ARGARET
L
EVI
, J
AMES
J
OHNSON
,
J
ACK
K
NIGHT
,
AND
S
USAN
S
TOKES
E
DITORS
R
USSELL
S
AGE
F
OUNDATION
•
N
EW
Y
ORK
The Russell Sage Foundation
The Russell Sage Foundation, one of the oldest of America’s general purpose foundations, was
established in 1907 by Mrs. Margaret Olivia Sage for “the improvement of social and living
conditions in the United States.” The Foundation seeks to fulfill this mandate by fostering the
development and dissemination of knowledge about the country’s political, social, and eco-
nomic problems. While the Foundation endeavors to assure the accuracy and objectivity of
each book it publishes, the conclusions and interpretations in Russell Sage Foundation publi-
cations are those of the authors and not of the Foundation, its Trustees, or its staff. Publica-
tion by Russell Sage, therefore, does not imply Foundation endorsement.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Thomas D. Cook, Chair
Kenneth D. Brody
W. Bowman Cutter, III
Christopher Edley Jr.
John A. Ferejohn
Larry V. Hedges
Kathleen Hall Jamieson
Melvin J. Konner
Alan B. Krueger
Cora B. Marrett
Nancy Rosenblum
Richard H. Thaler
Eric Wanner
Mary C. Waters
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Designing democratic government : making institutions work / edited by Margaret Levi . . .
[et al.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-87154-518-3
1. Democracy—United States. 2. Comparative government. I. Levi, Margaret.
JK1726.M59 2008
320.973—dc22
2008002142
Copyright © 2008 by Russell Sage Foundation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United
States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Reproduction by the United States Government in whole or in part is permitted for any pur-
pose.
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National
Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials.
ANSI Z39.48-1992.
Text design by Suzanne Nichols.
RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION
112 East 64th Street, New York, New York 10021
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
C
ONTENTS
About the Authors
Preface
Introduction
Margaret Levi, James Johnson, Jack Knight,
and Susan Stokes
P
ART
I
Chapter 1
O
RGANIZATION OF
I
NTERESTS
Mobilizing Institutions and Class Bias in U.S.
Electoral Politics, 1964 to 2004
Jan E. Leighley and Jonathan Nagler
Barriers to Participation for Whom? Regulations
on Voting and Uncompetitive Elections
Shaun Bowler and Todd Donovan
Mobilizing Political Engagement and Participation
in Diverse Societies: The Impact of Institutional
Arrangements
Susan A. Banducci and Jeffrey A. Karp
Ethnic Invention: A New Principle for Institutional
Design in Ethnically Divided Democracies
Kanchan Chandra
vii
ix
1
19
Chapter 2
40
Chapter 3
62
Chapter 4
89

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