Mircea Eliade - Shamanism _ archaic techniques of ecstacy-Routledge & Kegan Paul (1964).pdf

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MIRCEA
ELIADE
SHAMANISM
Archaic techniques
of ecstasy
Translated from the French by
Willard R. Trask
ARKANA
ARKANA
Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Books Ltd, 27 Wrights Lane, London W8 STZ, England
Penguin Books USA Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014. USA
Penguin Books Australia Ltd. Ringwood, Victoria. Australia
Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2
Penguin Books (NZ) Ltd. 182-190 Wairau Road, Auckland 10, New Zealand
Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: Harmondsworth,
Middlesex. England
_
First. published in the USA by Pantheon Books 1964
First published in Great Britain by Routledge
Published by Arkana 1989
1988
357910864
Copyright © Bollingen Foundation. 1964
All rights reserved
Printed in England by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc
Filmset in Times
Except in the United States of America, this book 1s sold subject
to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent.
te-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's
prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in
which it is published and without a similar condition including this
condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser
To my French masters and colleagues
CONTENTS
Foreword
xi
xxiii
Note on Orthography
1.
Shamanism and Mystical Vocation
General
Considerations.
Recruiting
3
Methods.
Bestowal of Shamanic Powers, 18—
Approaches, 8—The
Recruiting of Shamans in Western and Central Siberia, 15—
Recruiting among the Tungus, 17—Recruiting among the
Psychopathology, 23
Buryat and the Altaians, 18—Hereditary Transmission and
Quest in Obtaining Shamanic Powers, 20— Shamanism and
u.
Initiatory Sicknesses and Dreams
Sickness-Initiation,
3s
and
Vistons
of
the Yakut Shamans,
88—Initiatory
Shamans, 38— Initiation among the Tungus, the Buryat, and
45—
Magicians,
of Australian
43—Initiation
Others,
— Siberian — South American and Other Parallels,
Australian
35— Initiatory Dreams of the Samoyed
Ecstasies
50—Initiatory Dismemberment in North and South America,
Africa,
and
Indonesia,
53— Initiation
of Eskimo
Shamans,
tions and Secret Societies, 6%
58—Contemplating One's Own Skeleton, 62— Tribal Initia-
in.
Obtaining Shamanic Powers
Siberian
67
Origin
of Shamans,
68—
Shamanic
Myths
Election among
concerning
the Goldi and the Yakut,
the
71—
vii
CONTENTS
Election among the Buryat and the Teleut, 75— The Shaman's
Female Tutelary Spirits, 79— Role of the Souls of the Dead,
81—“‘Seeing the Spirits,’’ 85—The Helping Spirits, 88—
“Secret Language’
—‘‘ Animal Language,’ 96—The Quest
for Shamanic Powers in North America, 99
wv.
Shamanic Initiation
Initiation
Samoyed,
Tree
110
115— Initiation
Climbing,
among the Tungus and the Manchu, 110— Yakut,
and Ostyak Initiations, 113— Buryat
Initiation,
of the Araucanian
Shamaness,
of the
1229—~ Ritual
Shaman,
125— Celestial Journey
Carib
127— Ascent
135—Other
Forms of the Rite of Ascent,
by the Rainbow,
131— Australian
189
Initiations,
v.
Symbolism
Preliminary
of the Shaman’s
Remarks,
145—The
Costume
Siberian
and
Drum
145
Costume,
The Buryat Costume, 149—The Altaic Costume, 152— The
Shaman’s Mirrors and Caps, 153— Ornithological S mbolism,
f
P
gical
Sy
168— Ritual
World, 176
Costumes
and
Magical
Drums
throughout
148—
156 — Symbolism of the Skeleton, 158— Rebirth from the
Bones, 160—Shamanic Masks, 165—The Shamanic Drum,
the
vi.
Shamanism in Central and North
The
Shaman’s
Functions,
Asia:
and
181
“White”
I. Celestial Ascents. Descents to the Underworld
Shamans. “‘Dualistic’’ Mythologies,
181—“‘ Black’
the Shaman’s Ascent to the Sky (Altaic),
184— Horse Sacrifice and
and the Altaic Shaman, 198—Descent to the Underworld
(Altaic), 200—The
Shaman
as Psychopomp
( Altaians,
Goldi, Yurak), 205
190— Bai
Ulgan
viii

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