Linux USA - 04.2021.pdf

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DVD
IOBROKER
Home automation
with a Rasp Pi
CHOOSE A SHELL
Double-Sided DVD
INSIDE!
ISSUE 245 – APRIL 2021
CHOOSE A
SHELL
We compare Bash, Zsh, and fish
ELK Stack
Keep watch over your logs
Rendering Images as Text
Boop
Keep it local with this scriptable notepad
Xubuntu
on a Dell
Refurbish your
old laptop
detLFS
Learn about Linux
by building a mini OS
Go Tricks
Create a
Maze
FOSSPicks
•
LibreSprite Pixel Editor
•
NeoChat Chat Client
•
Drumstick MIDI
Monitor
•
The rise of the small Internet
•
Font Manager: Keep your type straight
•
maddog: The benefits of a POS/ERP
system
WWW.LINUXPROMAGAZINE.COM
Tutorial
•
Efficient Searches
with ugrep
EDITORIAL
Welcome
NEWS FIX
Dear Reader,
Once upon a time, everybody linked to everybody on the
web, and that was OK, because every business that de-
pended on the web for revenue could go and sell advertising.
Then all the traffic started funneling through a few powerful
web companies, and those companies gradually locked in
huge portions of global ad revenue, causing instability for
many of the organizations that write, research, and vet much
of the content that actually makes the Internet interesting. In
Australia, for instance, News Corp announced last year that
more than 100 local and regional newspapers would cease to
print because of the loss of ad revenue. According to many,
this downward pressure on news revenue has also led to a
downward pressure on news quality, with premium provid-
ers taking refuge behind paywalls and free news sites having
less budget to explore important leads and develop original
stories.
The Australian government recently struck back, proposing a
law that would force companies like Google and Facebook to
negotiate with media companies to compensate them for
linking to their content. If the two sides are not able to reach
an agreement, an arbitrator will decide on the terms.
And is preserving this vision more important than preserving
our system of independent news media?
Both sides have valid arguments that are too numerous and
intricate to enumerate in this space, but maybe the real thing
to take away is, the Australian government, like other gov-
ernments around the world, is finally getting around to say-
ing “This is broken. Fix it.” And all sides have an interest in
coming up with a solution that works for everybody.
The Australian proposal is significant because it takes the
form of actual legislation, but similar winds are blowing on
other shores, and Google and Facebook have been attempt-
ing to navigate some of these questions before they reach
the point of government intervention. In October, for in-
stance, Google announced the Google News Showcase, a
new product that will provide a structure for revenue sharing
with publishers. In November, Facebook rolled out a pro-
gram that will pay millions of pounds to UK publishers. Nei-
ther of these initiatives is as far reaching as the Australian
proposal, but they both represent a drift toward progress.
Maybe we can fix this thing after all.
Full disclosure: The company that publishes this magazine,
Linux New Media USA, is a web content provider that could
possibly receive compensation under this sort of law, but
then, we also link to other sites, so we’d also have to provide
compensation. In the long run, I’m not sure if this would help
or hurt our revenue, but anyway, I’m the resident philoso-
pher, not the numbers guy.
Google and Facebook reacted swiftly, denouncing the pro-
posal and declaring that such a law might force them to con-
sider leaving Australia. Then, in the season’s most interesting
chess move, Microsoft stepped in, eagerly volunteering that
their Bing search platform would be ready to accommodate
the Australian plan. Google soon came back to the table, with
Google CEO Sundar Pichai sitting in on what Australian
prime minister Scott Morrison called a “constructive” talk
about the proposed law.
We’ll see how all this plays out. One of the dangers of this
column is that I write it a couple months before you read it,
and everything could look a little different by the the time you
see this page, but it is safe to say that this is one of those con-
troversies that captivates because it drills down into the very
question of what the Internet
is
. Paying to link to content is
certainly incongruous with how we think about the Internet,
which is one reason why web creator Tim Berners-Lee has
come out against the Australian plan. But then, where did
our “vision” of the Internet come from? Did we vote on it?
Joe Casad,
Editor in Chief
LINUX-MAGAZINE.COM | LINUXPROMAGAZINE.COM
ISSUE 245
APRIL 2021
3
LINUX MAGAZINE
APRIL 2021
NEWS
WHAT'S INSIDE
You’re never stuck with the same
old command shell
– unless you
want to be. This month we review
some of the leading alternatives.
Also inside:
•
Boop
– this scriptable digital
notepad lets you keep your
conversions local (page 26).
•
Converting Images to Text
–
tricky tools for text as a medium
for your art (page 30).
Check out MakerSpace for a look at
building a minimal Raspberry Pi OS
from source, and turn to Linux Voice
for a story on the new (and old)
protocols that just might save the
Internet.
COVER STORY
14 Shell Shopping
Don’t let your familiarity with the Bash
shell stop you from exploring other
options. We take a look at a pair of
alternatives that are easy to install and
easy to use: Zsh and fish.
08 News
• Elementary OS Offers Multi-Touch
Gesture Support
• Sudo Patch for Decade-Old Flaw
• Slimbook Titan: Another New Linux
Laptop
• Golang Worm Targeting Linux Servers
• Fileless Malware Attacks Linux Systems
11 Kernel News
• No More Worlds to Conquer?
• Saving the World, One Graphics Card at
a Time
• How to Train Your Kernel Developer
REVIEWS
22 Distro Walk – Manjaro Linux
Standing on the shoulders of Arch
Linux, Manjaro offers simplicity and
stability.
IN-DEPTH
26 Boop
This digital scratchpad lets you
convert data from your desktop
instead of exposing it to sketchy
online tools.
SERVICE
3
6
95
96
97
98
Comment
DVD
Back Issues
Featured Events
Call for Papers
Preview
4
APRIL 2021
ISSUE 245
LINUX-MAGAZINE.COM | LINUXPROMAGAZINE.COM
LINUX MAGAZINE
APRIL 2021
IN-DEPTH
29 Charly – gping and Nextinspace
Due to the COVID-19 lockdown, Charly
has time to devote to gadgets like
graphical ping tools, flashing space
stations, and space walks.
MAKERSPACE
60 detLFS
The detLFS project provides an ideal
foundation for compiling
Linux from source
code.
30 Converting Images to Text
If you need to display an image in the
terminal or as plain HTML, a variety of
smart tools can help with the conversion.
64 ioBroker + Rasp Pi
34 Command Line – Mutt
Mutt, a command-line email client, can
do anything a desktop client can with
less overhead and a smaller attack
surface.
Control devices from different home
automation manufacturers using a single
interface.
TWO TERRIFIC
DISTROS
DOUBLE-SIDED
DVD!
SEE PAGE 6 FOR DETAILS
38 ELK Stack Workshop
ELK Stack is a powerful monitoring
system known for efficient log
management and versatile visualization.
This hands-on workshop will help you
take your first steps.
46 Xubuntu Dell Notebook
Combining a Dell notebook with
Xubuntu and an M.2 SSD makes for a
reasonably priced, high-performance
system for all your 3D printing projects.
69 Welcome
This month in Linux Voice.
84 FOSSPicks
This month Graham reviews PeaZip,
LibreSprite, NeoChat, Beaker, Giada,
Thrive, Kurve, and much more!
70 Doghouse – Economics
An affordable open source POS/ERP
system has many potential benefits
for small businesses.
50 Programming Snapshot – Go
Mazes
Mike Schilli uses his Go programming
skills to create a maze and then
efficiently travel through it.
72 The Rise of the Small Internet
The danger and irritations of the
modern web have unleashed a
movement dedicated to creating a
safer and simpler alternative.
80 Font Manager
Find the font you’re looking for and
compare font options side by side.
90 Tutorial – ugrep
56 Keyboardio Atreus
A first for laptops, Keyboardio Atreus
offers an ergonomic, portable keyboard
with customizable key programming.
Searching for text in files or data
streams is a common and important
function. Ugrep tackles this task
quickly, efficiently, and even
interactively if needed.
LINUX-MAGAZINE.COM | LINUXPROMAGAZINE.COM
ISSUE 245
APRIL 2021
5

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