Scientific American 2021 07.pdf

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B I O C H E M I S T RY
28 Life, New and Improved
Scientists have learned to create artificial proteins—a feat that has already
yielded a new COVID vaccine and could revolutionize biology.
By Rowan Jacobsen
B I O LO G Y
38 The Human Thirst
Water has been a driving force in our history.
By Asher Y. Rosinger
C L I M AT E C H A N G E
44 The Carbon Rocks of Oman
An unusual protrusion of Earth’s mantle could help solve the climate emergency.
By Douglas Fox
PHYSIC S
54 New Ways to Smash Particles
To reach the next frontier of fundamental physics, scientists must design
the most powerful particle accelerators yet.
By Chandrashekhar Joshi
S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y
62 How Dirt Could Help Save the Planet
Farming practices that keep carbon in the soil would limit erosion and
climate change.
By Jo Handelsman
P U B L I C H E A LT H
DOUGLAS FOX
ON THE C OVE R
Humans have evolved to survive in the heat.
Our enhanced ability to sweat helps keep us
cool during physical activity but elevates
our risk of dehydration. We have developed
a wide range of behavioral strategies for
meeting our water needs.
Photograph by I Am a Photographer
and an Artist, Getty Images.
66 Moment of Hope
After a year of sickness and death, lives changed at a COVID
mass vaccination clinic.
By Grant Delin and Robin Lloyd
July 2021, ScientificAmerican.com
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© 2021 Scientific American
4 From the Editor
6 Letters
8 Science Agenda
Long-term care in America is broken.
Here’s a prescription for how we can fix it.
By the Editors
10 Forum
A talk about access to guns should be part
of any routine medical exam.
By Chethan Sathya and Sandeep Kapoor
8
12 Advances
DDT’s effects on grandchildren of women exposed.
China’s intriguing lunar soil samples. Amoeba-based lung
disease insights. Electrons ignoring the third dimension.
24 Meter
The grotesque beauty of the West African lungfish.
By Christina Olson
26 The Science of Health
Blood tests to detect cancer early show promise.
By Claudia Wallis
76 Recommended
12
An anthology of short stories by Black sci-fi writers.
A lavishly illustrated guide to color in the natural world.
The cautionary tale of Freon. The future of seashells.
A novel about startup culture and marriage.
By Amy Brady
78 Observatory
Why it’s incorrect to characterize science
as being “right” or “true.”
By Naomi Oreskes
79 50, 100 & 150 Years Ago
By Mark Fischetti
80 Graphic Science
76
How prestige is passed down among mathematicians.
By Clara Moskowitz and Shirley Wu
Scientific American (ISSN 0036-8733), Volume 325, Number 1, July 2021, published monthly by Scientific American, a division of Springer Nature America, Inc., 1 New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, N.Y. 10004-1562. Periodicals
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Printed in U.S.A. Copyright © 2021 by Scientific American, a division of Springer Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at www.springernature.com/us). Scientific American maintains a strict
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Scientific American, July 2021
© 2021 Scientific American

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