English 4 IT Praktyczny kurs jezyka angielskiego dla specjalistow IT i nie tylko.pdf

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Redaktor prowadzący: Michał Mrowiec
Projekt okładki: Jan Paluch
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ISBN: 978-83-283-0433-8
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Spis tre ci
Spis zagadnie gramatycznych ......................................................... 7
Wst p .............................................................................................. 9
1. What is Information Technology? .................................................... 15
1.1. Information technology basics ................................................................................. 15
1.2. Measuring profitability of IT investments and their prioritization ........................... 16
1.3. Vocabulary .............................................................................................................. 18
1.4. Revise and expand your knowledge ........................................................................ 20
1.4.1. Did you know? .............................................................................................. 20
1.4.2. Latin expressions in English ( aci skie wyra enia w j zyku angielskim) ..... 23
1.4.3. Irregular plural (nieregularna liczba mnoga) ................................................. 23
1.4.4. Elements of grammar .................................................................................... 25
1.5. Check your knowledge ........................................................................................... 27
2. Databases ..................................................................................... 31
2.1. What is a database and DBMS? ............................................................................... 31
2.2. Common types of DBMS ........................................................................................ 32
2.3. Database models ...................................................................................................... 33
2.4. Vocabulary .............................................................................................................. 35
2.5. Revise and expand your knowledge ........................................................................ 38
2.5.1. Did you know? .............................................................................................. 38
2.5.2. Data is or data are — a common problem in IT ............................................. 40
2.5.3. Information is or information are? ................................................................ 41
2.5.4. Elements of grammar .................................................................................... 41
2.6. Check your knowledge ............................................................................................ 47
3. How well do you know your computer? ........................................... 53
3.1. Computer hardware vs. computer software ............................................................. 53
3.2. How does an HD work? ........................................................................................... 55
3.3. What is the motherboard? ........................................................................................ 56
3.4. Vocabulary ............................................................................................................. 57
3.5. Revise and expand your knowledge ........................................................................ 59
3.5.1. Did you know? .............................................................................................. 59
3.5.2. An HDD or a HDD? ...................................................................................... 60
3.5.3. Elements of grammar .................................................................................... 61
3.6. Check your knowledge ......................................................................................... 63
4. Computer networks ........................................................................ 69
4.1. Types of computer networks .................................................................................... 69
4.2. Computer network architecture and topologies ....................................................... 70
4.3. Wireless network: how does it work? ...................................................................... 71
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English 4 IT. Praktyczny kurs j zyka angielskiego dla specjalistów IT i nie tylko
4.4. Network communication standards .......................................................................... 72
4.5. Vocabulary .............................................................................................................. 73
4.6. Revise and expand your knowledge ........................................................................ 75
4.6.1. Did you know? .............................................................................................. 75
4.6.2. Linking words and phrases (spójniki) ............................................................ 77
4.6.3. Elements of grammar .................................................................................... 79
4.7. Check your knowledge ............................................................................................ 82
5. What’s so big about big data? ........................................................ 87
5.1. What is big data? ..................................................................................................... 87
5.2. Challenges in big data analysis ................................................................................ 88
5.3. What is Hadoop? ..................................................................................................... 88
5.4. Hadoop vs. conventional relational database ........................................................... 89
5.5. Vocabulary .............................................................................................................. 90
5.6. Revise and expand your knowledge ........................................................................ 91
5.6.1. Did you know? .............................................................................................. 91
5.6.2. What is an issue? ........................................................................................... 95
5.6.3. Elements of grammar .................................................................................... 96
5.7. Check your knowledge ............................................................................................ 99
6. Business Intelligence ................................................................... 103
6.1. What is Business Intelligence? .............................................................................. 103
6.2. BI system architecture ........................................................................................... 104
6.3. Star schema vs. snowflake schema ........................................................................... 106
6.4. Gartner Magic Quadrant ........................................................................................ 106
6.5. Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 107
6.6. Revise and expand your knowledge ...................................................................... 109
6.6.1. Did you know? ............................................................................................ 109
6.6.2. To do the analysis — useful synonyms ....................................................... 110
6.6.3. Describing trends ......................................................................................... 111
6.6.4. Elements of grammar .................................................................................. 112
6.7. Check your knowledge .......................................................................................... 117
7. Data mining ................................................................................. 123
7.1. Introduction to data mining .................................................................................... 123
7.2. Data mining methods and techniques .................................................................... 124
7.3. Data mining challenges .......................................................................................... 125
7.4. Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 126
7.5. Revise and expand your knowledge ...................................................................... 128
7.5.1. Did you know? ............................................................................................ 128
7.5.2. Time series: singular or plural? ................................................................... 129
7.5.3. Synonyms of the word ‘interesting’ ............................................................. 129
7.5.4. Elements of grammar .................................................................................. 130
7.6. Check your knowledge .......................................................................................... 132
8. Software licensing ........................................................................ 137
8.1. What is software licensing for? ............................................................................. 137
8.2. What is EULA? ..................................................................................................... 138
8.3. Common software licensing models ...................................................................... 138
8.4. Demoware vs. shareware vs. freeware vs. abandonware ....................................... 139
8.5. Vocabulary ........................................................................................................... 140
8.6. Revise and expand your knowledge ...................................................................... 142
8.6.1. Did you know? ............................................................................................ 142
8.6.2. Acronyms in business emails and their meaning ......................................... 143
8.6.3. Elements of grammar .................................................................................. 144
8.7. Check your knowledge ......................................................................................... 147
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9. Software development methodologies ........................................... 151
9.1. Present approach to software development ............................................................ 151
9.2. Heavyweight vs. lightweight software development methodologies ..................... 152
9.3. Agile software development methodologies and frameworks ............................... 153
9.4. Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 156
9.5. Revise and expand your knowledge ...................................................................... 159
9.5.1. Did you know? ............................................................................................ 159
9.5.2. The team agree or agrees? ........................................................................... 162
9.5.3. Elements of grammar .................................................................................. 163
9.6. Check your knowledge ......................................................................................... 166
10. The Internet and the World Wide Web ........................................... 171
10.1. The Internet: how exactly does it work? .............................................................. 171
10.2. Common Internet services ................................................................................... 173
10.3. Google search engine: how does it work? ........................................................... 174
10.4. Revise and expand your knowledge .................................................................... 177
10.5. Vocabulary .......................................................................................................... 175
10.5.1. Did you know? ........................................................................................ 177
10.5.2. Elements of grammar ............................................................................... 180
10.6. Check your knowledge ....................................................................................... 183
11. Data governance .......................................................................... 187
11.1. What is data governance? .................................................................................... 187
11.2. Data governance roles .......................................................................................... 189
11.3. Vocabulary .......................................................................................................... 190
11.4. Revise and expand your knowledge .................................................................... 192
11.4.1. Did you know? ........................................................................................ 192
11.4.2. Elements of grammar ............................................................................... 195
11.5. Check your knowledge ....................................................................................... 198
12. Software testing .......................................................................... 203
12.1. What is ISO, IEC and ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119? ..................................................... 203
12.2. ISO/IEC 29119-4: Test Techniques ..................................................................... 204
12.3. SDLC, STLC and the V-Model ........................................................................... 205
12.4. Vocabulary .......................................................................................................... 206
12.5. Revise and expand your knowledge .................................................................... 209
12.5.1. Did you know? ........................................................................................ 209
12.5.2. How to write and read dates correctly? .................................................... 212
12.5.3. Elements of grammar ............................................................................... 213
12.6. Check your knowledge ........................................................................................ 215
English-Polish Glossary ................................................................. 221
Polish-English Glossary ................................................................. 241
Answers ....................................................................................... 265
Bibliografia .................................................................................. 279
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