Five Documents from the Topkapi Palace Archive on the Ottoman Defense of the Black Sea against the Cossacks (1639).pdf

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iQiNDEKiLER . CONTENTS
Avant-propos (Gilles Veinstein)
Halil inalclk Bibliography
BACQUE-GRAMMONT, Jean-Louis, Sur deux timariotes agresses dans la region de Flori-na---------
=1~6
v
1
BELDICEANU, Nicoara-vlrene, Notes sur le
Bir,
Les esclaves Tatars et quelques charges dans
les pays Roumains
BENNIGSEN, Alexandre et LEMERCIER-QUELQUEJAY, Chantal, La poussee vers les mers
chaudes et la barriere du Caucase
BERINDEI, Mihnea, L'Empire ottoman et la"route moldave" avant la conquete de Chilia et
de Cetacea-alba (1484)
COHEN, Amon, Ritual Murder Accusations against the Jews during the Days of Suleiman the
Magnificent
COOK, Michael, The Provenance of the Lam' al-Shihab
fi
Sirat Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab
ERGENQ,Ozer, XVIII. Yuzyrlda Osrnanli Tasra Yonetiminin mali nitelikleri
ESIN, Emel, Tonga and Odlek (On Kasgari's Version of the Afrasiab/Tonga-Alp-Er Epic)
FAROQHI, Suraiya, Long-Term Change and the Ottoman Construction Site: A Study of
Builders' Wages and Iron Prices
FINDLEY, Carter Vaughn, Factional Rivalry in Ottoman Istanbul: The Fall of Pertev Pasa,
1837
FLEISCHER, Cornell H., Preliminaries to the Study of the Ottoman Bureaucracy
GERBER, Haim, Jewish Tax-farmersin the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th Centuries
GOFFMAN, Daniel, The Capitulations and the Question of Authority in Levantine Trade
1600-1650
HALASI-KUN, Tibor, Some Notes on Ottoman Mufassal Defter Studies
ISSAWI, Charles, Notes on the Trade of Basra, 1800-1914
JENNINGS, Ronald, The Population, Taxation, and wealth
~n
the Cities and Villages of Cyprus,
According to the Detailed Population Survey (Defter-i Mufassal) of 1572
KAFADAR, Cemal, A Death in Venice (1575): Anatolian Muslim Merchants Trading in the
Serenissima
KREISER, Klaus, Icareteyn: Zur "Doppelten Miete" im Osmanischen Stiftungswesen
KUNT,
I.
Metin, Ottoman Names and Ottoman Ages
KUT, Giinay, Esiri, his "Sergtizest" and his Other Works
7
15
47
73
79
87
97
111
127
135
143
155
163
167
175
1 91
219
227
235
TUBA,
vic.
10, 1986
iQiNDEKiLER . CONTENTS
LEWIS, Bernard, Slade on the Turkish Navy
MANTRAN, Robert, Un document sur la cizye
1
a
Istanbul
a
la fin
du XV lIe siecle
11
MURPHEY, Rhoads, The Ottoman Centuries in Iraq: Legacy or Aftermath? A Survey Study
of Mesopotamian Hydrology and Ottoman Irrigation Projects
NATTIER, Jan (Mongolian Version of Altun Yaruk;
ef.
TEKIN,
17
S.)
31
45
NECIPOGLU-KAFADAR, Giilru, The Account Book of a Fifteenth-Century Ottoman Royal
Kiosk
ORTAYLI, Ilber, Reforms of Petrine Russia and the Ottoman Mind
OSTAPCHUK, Victor, Five Documents from the Topkapi Palace Archive on the Ottoman
Defense of the Black Sea against the Cossacks (1639)
PRITSAK, Omeljan, Trois lecons sur l'histoire du Grand Duche de Lithuanie-Ruthenie (avec
l'Ukraine) jusqu'en 1569 (resume)
TEKIN, Goniil A., XVI. yiizyl1 Cagatay sairi Meclisi'nin Seyfelmuluk
adli
mesnevisi hakkmda
TEKIN, Sinasi, Altun Yaruk'un 20. Boltimu: Bigler Qanlarrung Koni Toriisin Aymaq
(=
Rajasastra)
[Appendix: Jan NATTIER, The Mongolian Version]
VEINSTEIN, Gilles, Le patrimoine foncier de Panayote Benakis, kocabasi de Kalamata
WALLERSTEIN, Immanuel, Some Reflections on the Future of Ottoman Studies
ZACHARIADOU, Elizabeth
A.,
Lauro Quirini and the Turkish Sandjaks (ca. 1430)
(Miscellaneous)
. HITCH, Doug, Tumshuqese and Turkic Brahmi
ru
49
105
123
133
201
211
235
239
249
TUBA,
vic.
11, 1987
FIVE DOCUMENTS FROM THE TOPKAPI PALACE ARCHIVE ON THE OTTOMAN
DEFENSE OF THE BLACK SEA AGAINST THE COSSACKS (1639)
Victor Ostapchuk
(Harvard University)
The importance of the economic resources of the Black Sea basin for the strength and prosperity
of the Ottoman Empire and the consequent necessity for control over the region as a cornerstone of Otto-
man imperial policy are themes developed in the work of Hall Inalcik. Within several decades after the
conquest of Constantinople, the Black Sea was transformed into an "Ottoman lake," and through the
sixteenth century the empire enjoyed the economic benefits deriving from relatively easy control of this
rich region.
1
During this period, the raiding activities of the Zaporozhian and Don Cossacks-descending
in their boats or
$ay~as2
into the Black Sea from their respective borderland sanctuaries in the Ukraine
~d
the middle Don region-were a localized thoughtroublesome problem of the northern frontier. It is
in this context that an appreciation can be gained for the magnitude of the problem the Ottomans faced
during the height of the Cossack naval raids from the last decade of the sixteenth century through the first
half of the seventeenth century, when the threat became one of devastation to any settlement on the Black
sea coast as well as of disruption of sea-lanes used by commercial and military traffic. Recent research on
Ottoman archival sources has suggested that the consequent damage to the Ottoman Black Sea region was
greater than previously
assumed.f
While still successful in realizing their imperial policy of preventing any
other major power from seriously challenging their dominion over the Black Sea,4 the Ottomans were
frustrated by the unpredictability, frequency, and destructive capacity of the Cossack raids.
,
..
the growth of Istanbul into a great metropolis was made possible by the foodstuffs, raw
materials, and slaves coming from the Black Sea basin which, in turn, was made dependent on the market
and transit trade possibilities of the great capital. See Inalcik 1973: 129-33, 144-45; Inalcik 1979; also
Inalcik 1960 and Inalcik 1973a.
2
Th e Cossack
~ay~a
(known as
cajka
in Slavic languages), which according to Beauplan was about
60 feet
long,
10-12 feet wide and 8 feet deep, had
no
keel, which allowed it to navigate in shallow water
and had a rudder on each end allowing it to change direction without turning around, thus making it
extremely maneuverable. With ten to fifteen oars on each side and a sail which was used only in fair
weather, the
§ayha
was supposedly faster than the Ottoman galley. When the sail could not be used or
when it was necessary to escape detection from afar, the mast could be taken down. To increase its
buoyancy, especially in high seas when the waves would go over its low sides, thick bundles of large dry
reeds were tied to the sides along the entire length. Four or five light cannons were placed on the sides.
Large enough to carry fifty to seventy men and extensive supplies, it was small enough to be pulled ashore
and dragged across land for making portages (Beauplan: 454, 464-66; also d'Ascoli: 99; Krejs: 68-70;
Tusin
1978: 51-55).
Sayha
was also used by the Ottomans to denote a large keelless boat (probably very
similar to the Cossack
§ay~a)
used for transport on rivers (especially on the Danube) and along the coast
of the Black Sea, as well as for military purposes such as defense of river shores
(Uzuncarsili
1948: 458).
3
Berindei 1977; Fisher 1979-1980.
4 Inalcik 1947.
49
1
Thus

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