Scientific American 2020 12.pdf

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DECEMBER 2020
SCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM
C E L E B R AT I N G
YEARS
HAND TRANSPLANTS
VIRUSES INSIDE US
FUSION POWER PROGRESS
EXTREME
SUPERNOVAE
Bizarre stellar explosions
challenge our understanding
of how stars live and die
EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
OF 2020
10
TOP
© 2020 Scientific American
December 2020
VO L U M E 3 2 3 , N U M B E R 6
70
A S T R O N O MY
MEDICINE
26 Explosions at the Edge
Most stars die in fairly predictable
ways, but astronomers have discov-
ered a growing number of unusual
supernovae that challenge the tradi-
tional picture.
By Anna Y. Q. Ho
46 The Viruses Inside You
Trillions of viruses make up the
human virome. Some can harm us,
but some could help us, if we can
figure out how to use them.
By David Pride
SOCIAL MEDIA
34
TOP 10
EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
OF
2020
Spatial computing, digital
medicine, low-carbon cement,
whole-genome synthesis, green
hydrogen, quantum sensing,
and four other potentially
transformative inventions.
A collaboration between
Scientific American
and
the World Economic Forum.
SPECIAL REPORT
54 The Attention Economy
Understanding how algorithms and
manipulators exploit our cognitive
vulnerabilities empowers us to
fight back.
By Filippo Menczer
and Thomas Hills
NEUROPL A STICIT Y
62 New Connections
What hand transplants are
teaching us about the brain.
By Scott H. Frey
PHYSIC S
ON THe c OVe r
Giant stars explode in a myriad of ways, recent
discoveries show. Astrophysicist Anna Y. Q. Ho
surveys several unusual supernovae sighted
recently and explores what they can teach us
about how stars live and die.
Illustration by Kenn brown,
mondolithic Studios.
70 Fusion Dreams
Assembly has begun on ITER,
the world’s largest nuclear fusion
reactor.
By Clara Moskowitz
Photograph by Manuela Schirra and Fabrizio Giraldi
December 2020, ScientificAmerican.com
1
© 2020 Scientific American

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