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Cloud Native
Using Containers, Functions, and Data
to Build Next-Generation Applications
Boris Scholl,
Trent Swanson
& Peter Jausovec
Using Containers, Functions, and Data to Build
Next-Generation Applications
Cloud Native
Boris Scholl, Trent Swanson, and Peter Jausovec
Beijing
Boston Farnham Sebastopol
Tokyo
Cloud Native
by Boris Scholl, Trent Swanson, and Peter Jausovec
Copyright © 2019 Boris Scholl, Trent Swanson, and Peter Jausovec. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are
also available for most titles (http://oreilly.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional
sales department: 800-998-9938 or
corporate@oreilly.com.
Acquisitions Editor:
Kathleen Carr
Development Editor:
Nicole Tache
Production Editor:
Elizabeth Kelly
Copyeditor:
Octal Publishing, Inc.
Proofreader:
Rachel Monaghan
September 2019:
First Edition
Indexer:
Ellen Troutman-Zaig
Interior Designer:
David Futato
Cover Designer:
Karen Montgomery
Illustrator:
Rebecca Demarest
Revision History for the First Edition
2019-08-21: First Release
2019-12-10: Second Release
2020-02-07: Third Release
See
http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781492053828
for release details.
The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Cloud Native,
the cover image, and
related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
The views expressed in this work are those of the authors, and do not represent the publisher’s views.
While the publisher and the authors have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and
instructions contained in this work are accurate, the publisher and the authors disclaim all responsibility
for errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of
or reliance on this work. Use of the information and instructions contained in this work is at your own
risk. If any code samples or other technology this work contains or describes is subject to open source
licenses or the intellectual property rights of others, it is your responsibility to ensure that your use
thereof complies with such licenses and/or rights.
978-1-492-05382-8
[LSI]
Table of Contents
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
1. Introduction to Cloud Native. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Distributed Systems
Fallacies of Distributed Systems
CAP Theorem
The Twelve-Factor App
Availability and Service-Level Agreements
Summary
1
1
3
4
6
7
2. Fundamentals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Containers
Container Isolation Levels
Container Orchestration
Kubernetes Overview
Kubernetes and Containers
Serverless Computing
Functions
From VMs to Cloud Native
Lift-and-Shift
Application Modernization
Application Optimization
Microservices
Benefits of a Microservices Architecture
Challenges with a Microservices Architecture
Summary
9
11
13
13
16
17
18
19
19
20
22
22
23
25
27
iii

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