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Beginning the
Linux Command Line
Sander van Vugt
Beginning the Linux Command Line
Copyright © 2009 by Sander van Vugt
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Contents at a Glance
About the Author
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
About the Technical Reviewer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 9
CHAPTER 10
CHAPTER 11
CHAPTER 12
CHAPTER 13
CHAPTER 14
APPENDIX
Starting Linux Command-Line Administration
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Performing Essential Command-Line Tasks
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Administering the Linux File System
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Working with Text Files
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Managing Partitions and Logical Volumes
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Managing Users and Groups
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Managing Permissions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Managing Software
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Process and System Management
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
System Logging
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Configuring the Network
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Configuring a File Server
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Working with the Kernel
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Introduction to Bash Shell Scripting
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Installing Linux
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
iii
Contents
About the Author
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
About the Technical Reviewer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Introduction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
CHAPTER 1
Starting Linux Command-Line Administration
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Linux Distributions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Linux History
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Open Source
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
The First Distributions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Linux Turning Mainstream
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Logging In and Out
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Different Login Interfaces
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Working with a User Account
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Command-Line Basics
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
The Command Interpreter
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Commands, Options, and Arguments
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Piping and Redirection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Piping
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Redirection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Getting Help
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Using man to Get Help
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Using the --help Option
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Getting Information on Installed Packages
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Working with the Shell
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Using the Shell to Best Effect
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Managing Bash with Key Sequences
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Summary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
v

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