Core Topics in Airway Management 2005.pdf

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CORE TOPICS IN AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
This book provides an easy-to-read introduction to this important topic that will be of value to a wide spec-
trum of healthcare professionals including anaesthetists, intensivists, Operating Department Practitioners
(ODPs), theatre and recovery nurses. Concise but comprehensive chapters from experts in the field cover
everything from basic anatomy, physiology and applied physics through to the various methods of main-
taining the airway under anaesthesia such as the facemask, supraglottic devices and tracheal intubation by
various methods with single or double-lumen tubes. The problem airway is also discussed in detail includ-
ing obstruction by infection, tumour or a foreign body, the shared airway in ENT and maxillofacial surgery,
aspiration, problems in obstetrics, trauma, cervical spine disease, intensive care, the ‘lost’ airway, paediatrics,
extubation and recovery. Additional valuable chapters cover the specification and design of standard and
laser-proof tracheal tubes, decontamination of airway equipment, the nature and treatment of morbidity
and important medico-legal issues.
To Dr Archie Brain
CORE TOPICS IN
AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
Edited by
Ian Calder
Consultant Anaesthetist
The National Hospital for Neurology and The Royal Free Hospital
London
Adrian Pearce
Consultant Anaesthetist
Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital
London
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521869102
© Cambridge University Press 2005
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the
provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part
may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2005
ISBN-13
ISBN-13
978-0-511-07956-6
978-0-521-86910-2
eBook (Adobe Reader)
hardback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy
of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication,
and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain,
accurate or appropriate.
Every effort has been made in preparing this book to provide accurate and up-to-
date information which is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the
time of publication. Nevertheless, the authors, editors and publisher can make no
warranties that the information contained herein is totally free from error, not least
because clinical standards are constantly changing through research and
regulation. The authors, editors and publisher therefore disclaim all liability for
direct or consequential damages resulting from the use of material contained
within this book. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to
information provided by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they
plan to use.
CONTENTS
List of contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ix
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xi
List of abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
1. Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
J. Picard
2. Physiology of apnoea and hypoxia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A.D. Farmery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Physics and physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A.D. Farmery
4. Cleaning and disinfection of airway equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A. Pearce
5. General principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I. Calder & A. Pearce
6. Maintenance of the airway during anaesthesia: supra-glottic devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T.M. Cook
7. Tracheal tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
V Mitchell & A. Patel
.
8. Tracheal intubation of the adult patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
J. Henderson
9. Confirmation of tracheal intubation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
O. Sanehi
10. Extubation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H. Gray
11. Light-guided intubation: the trachlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B. Dercksen & P.A.J. Borg
12. Fibreoptic intubation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I. Calder
1
9
21
31
35
43
57
69
81
87
93
97
13. Retrograde intubation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
A. Pearce
14. Endobronchial and double-lumen tubes, bronchial blockers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
A. Pearce
15. ‘Difficult airways’: causation and prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
I. Calder

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