Bormann Lukas_Philippi_Stadt und Christengemeinde zur Zeit des Paulus.pdf

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Journal for the Study of
the New Testament
http://jnt.sagepub.com
BORMANN, Lukas, Philippi: Stadt und
Christengemeinde zur Zeit des Paulus (NovTSup, 78;
Leiden: Brill, 1995), pp. xiii + 248. N.p. ISBN
90-04-10232-9
Journal for the Study of the New Testament
1996; 18; 123
DOI: 10.1177/0142064X9601806210
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© 1996 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or
unauthorized distribution.
123
Readers
will be
duly impressed
with
Chilton’s
insight
into
specific
texts.
Yet
many
will
question
his
methodological presuppositions.
Reconstructions of
theological
development
quite
often
fall prey
to
alternative
explanations.
SAH
WITHERINGTON
III,
Ben,
Conflict
and
Community
in
Corinth:
A
Socio-
Rhetorical
Commentary
on
I and 2
Corinthians
(Carlisle:
The Paternoster
Press,
1995),
pp.
xx
+
492.
£24.99. ISBN 0-85364-622-8.
This
is
an
appropriately
titled
commentary
which
accomplishes
what it
sets out
to
do.
It
provides
a
systematic
commentary
on
the
text
of 1 and
2
Corinthians
using
two
of the
more
recent
forms of biblical criticisms-rhetorical and
social-scientific
criticism. The
introductory
section
of
the
commentary
covers
issues
such
as
Paul’s
cultural
background,
the
Roman
influence
on
Corinth,
the
social level of both
Paul
and
the
Corinthian
converts,
and
perhaps
of
greatest
interest,
an
explanation
as
to
why framing
Paul’s letters
in
terms
of
ancient rhetorical conventions
is both
possible
and
useful. The main
text
is
geared
toward
a
student
level,
while
the extensive
anno-
tated
bibliography
on
socio-rhetorical criticism in the
introduction,
the
footnotes
and
short
essays
scattered
throughout
on
issues
such
as
pagan views of
salvation,
honor
and
shame,
and Roman
imperial eschatology
serve
the interests of the
more
serious
scholar.
The
texts
of
1
and
2
Corinthians themselves
are
divided
and labeled
using
Latin
rhetorical terms, with the first
epistle being
assigned
to
the
category
of
deliberative
rhetoric,
the
second
to
that
of forensic rhetoric.
Witherington
has
wisely
allowed
for ’rhetoric
flexibility’
in his
analysis,
which results in
a
less
rigorous appli-
cation
of the Graeco-Roman rhetorical textbooks
to
the Pauline letter than is
the
case
with
some
practitioners.
Those convinced of the
applicability
of Graeco-Roman
rhetoric
to
Pauline letters will
no
doubt
find
this
commentary
very
useful.
The
skeptic
is still left with
a rare
entity-a
readable
commentary,
with
a
useful annotated
bibliography,
footnotes,
and
essays of
interest
to
anyone
studying
1 and 2
Corinthians.
AMR
BORMANN,
Lukas,
Philippi:
Stadt und
Christengemeinde
zur
Zeit
des
Paulus
(NovTSup,
78;
Leiden:
Brill, 1995),
pp. xiii
+
248.
N.p.
ISBN 90-04-10232-9.
This
revision of Bormann’s Frankfurt dissertation
is
primarily
a
historical-critical
investigation
of the social
relationships
between Paul and the
Philippian
Christians
and the
effects of
local Roman
officialdom
on
that
relationship.
The first
part
of the
work
does what
few works
on
Philippians
have
done,
namely investigate
the
political
and
religious
situation of the Roman
colony through
a
close
study
of
numismatic,
epigraphical, archaeological,
and
literary
sources
(pp.
11-84).
The second
part
of
the
work
specifically
treats
Paul’s
relationship
with the
Philippians
vis-~-vis
religious
and social conventions
practiced
in Roman
Philippi
(pp.
87-224).
Chapter
5 dis-
cusses
the
problematic
issue
of
the
literary integrity
of
the canonical
Philippians,
surveying
recent
rhetorical,
epistolary,
and
textlinguistic approaches
to
the debate.
Bormann
proposes his
own,
unique three-part
division of
the letter
(in
their
original
appearance): (i)
4.10-23;
(ii)
1.1-3.1 and
4.2-7;
(iii)
3.2-4.1, 8-9).
Here he will
likely
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© 1996 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or
unauthorized distribution.
124
receive
criticism from
a
growing
number
of scholars who
are
leaning
towards the
literary
unity
of
Philippians
or
at
least
downplaying
the
certainty
with which
we can
make
claims about
partition
theories.
Chapter
6
investigates
the social
relationships
between
Paul
and
the
Philippians
as
revealed
in the
letter
itself
(according
to
Bormann’s
partitions).
As other
scholars
have
already
noted,
Phil.
4.10-20
provides
crucial
evidence
for
understanding
this
relationship
as
well
as
Paul’s various mis-
sionary
strategies
with
his churches. The
Philippians’
icoivo)vi(x
has
repeatedly
been
interpreted
as
service
on
behalf of
the
gospel-partnership
in
the
sense
of
a
’contractual
relationship’ (Sampley),
an
expression
of
’friendship’
(Stowers),
’political identity’
(Geoffrion),
client-patron obligations
(Bormann),
or
Gerneinschaftsverhaldii,s
(Hainz).
Bonnann’
work
is
particularly
useful
here,
since
he
not
only
traces
the
scholarly
discussion
but
bases his
own
conclusions
on
his
detailed
initial
background study
of
Philippi. Specifically
in
Chapter
7,
Bormann
studies
Philippians
(esp.
4.10-20)
against
the
backgrounds
of Hellenistic-Roman
conventions
of
(pt?Li(x,
Bellejicialwese1Z
(based
on
Seneca’s De
beneficiis),
konsensuale
societas,
and
patron-client
relations,
favoring
the
last model
for
interpreting
Paul’s
relationship
(client)
with the
Philippians
(patrons).
Bormann
concludes
that the
Philippians’
affiliation with Paul’s
religious
mission
brought
them
into conflict with Roman
state
officials who demanded
loyalty
to state
religious
practices;
hence,
at
least
part
of
the
Philippians’
suffering
(e.g.
1.27-30)
was
instigated by
Roman officials. Bormann’s work
(and
thorough
primary
source
index)
should prove
an
asset
in the
study
of the socio-historical
background
of
Philippians-a topic
which has received
scant treatment
in
the
scholarly
literature-
whether
or
not
his
patron-client interpretation
is
entirely
defensible.
JTR
JTR
SAH =
TK
AMR =
=
Jeffrey
T. Reed
Steven A. Hunt
Todd Klutz
Andy
M. Reimer
=
Downloaded from
http://jnt.sagepub.com
by Dolly Chaaya on May 14, 2008
© 1996 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or
unauthorized distribution.

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