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INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES -
Mortality and Morbidity Statistics
CHAPTER 06
Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders
This chapter has 162 four-character categories.
Code range starts with 6A00
Mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders are syndromes characterised by clinically
significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotional regulation, or behaviour that reflects a
dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes that underlie mental and
behavioural functioning. These disturbances are usually associated with distress or impairment in
personal, family, social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Exclusions:
Coded Elsewhere:
Acute stress reaction (QE84)
Uncomplicated bereavement (QE62)
Sleep-wake disorders (7A00-7B2Z)
Sexual dysfunctions (HA00-HA0Z)
Gender incongruence (HA60-HA6Z)
This chapter contains the following top level blocks:
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders
Catatonia
Mood disorders
Anxiety or fear-related disorders
Obsessive-compulsive or related disorders
Disorders specifically associated with stress
Dissociative disorders
Feeding or eating disorders
Elimination disorders
Disorders of bodily distress or bodily experience
Disorders due to substance use or addictive behaviours
Impulse control disorders
Disruptive behaviour or dissocial disorders
Personality disorders and related traits
Paraphilic disorders
Factitious disorders
Neurocognitive disorders
Mental or behavioural disorders associated with pregnancy, childbirth or the puerperium
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Secondary mental or behavioural syndromes associated with disorders or diseases classified
elsewhere
Neurodevelopmental disorders (BlockL1‑6A0)
Neurodevelopmental disorders are behavioural and cognitive disorders that arise during the
developmental period that involve significant difficulties in the acquisition and execution of specific
intellectual, motor, language, or social functions. Although behavioural and cognitive deficits are
present in many mental and behavioural disorders that can arise during the developmental period
(e.g., Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder), only disorders whose core features are neurodevelopmental
are included in this grouping. The presumptive etiology for neurodevelopmental disorders is complex,
and in many individual cases is unknown.
Coded Elsewhere:
Primary tics or tic disorders (8A05.0)
Secondary neurodevelopmental syndrome (6E60)
6A00
Disorders of intellectual development
Disorders of intellectual development are a group of etiologically diverse conditions
originating during the developmental period characterised by significantly below
average intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour that are approximately two
or more standard deviations below the mean (approximately less than the 2.3rd
percentile), based on appropriately normed, individually administered standardized
tests. Where appropriately normed and standardized tests are not available,
diagnosis of disorders of intellectual development requires greater reliance on
clinical judgment based on appropriate assessment of comparable behavioural
indicators.
Coding Note:
6A00.0
Use additional code, if desired, to identify any known aetiology.
Disorder of intellectual development, mild
A mild disorder of intellectual development is a condition originating during the
developmental period characterised by significantly below average intellectual
functioning and adaptive behaviour that are approximately two to three standard
deviations below the mean (approximately 0.1 – 2.3 percentile), based on
appropriately normed, individually administered standardized tests or by
comparable behavioural indicators when standardized testing is unavailable.
Affected persons often exhibit difficulties in the acquisition and comprehension of
complex language concepts and academic skills. Most master basic self-care,
domestic, and practical activities. Persons affected by a mild disorder of intellectual
development can generally achieve relatively independent living and employment as
adults but may require appropriate support.
6A00.1
Disorder of intellectual development, moderate
A moderate disorder of intellectual development is a condition originating during
the developmental period characterised by significantly below average intellectual
functioning and adaptive behaviour that are approximately three to four standard
deviations below the mean (approximately 0.003 – 0.1 percentile), based on
appropriately normed, individually administered standardized tests or by
comparable behavioural indicators when standardized testing is unavailable.
Language and capacity for acquisition of academic skills of persons affected by a
moderate disorder of intellectual development vary but are generally limited to basic
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INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES -
Mortality and Morbidity Statistics
skills. Some may master basic self-care, domestic, and practical activities. Most
affected persons require considerable and consistent support in order to achieve
independent living and employment as adults.
6A00.2
Disorder of intellectual development, severe
A severe disorder of intellectual development is a condition originating during the
developmental period characterised by significantly below average intellectual
functioning and adaptive behaviour that are approximately four of more standard
deviations below the mean (less than approximately the 0.003rd percentile), based
on appropriately normed, individually administered standardized tests or by
comparable behavioural indicators when standardized testing is unavailable.
Affected persons exhibit very limited language and capacity for acquisition of
academic skills. They may also have motor impairments and typically require daily
support in a supervised environment for adequate care, but may acquire basic self-
care skills with intensive training. Severe and profound disorders of intellectual
development are differentiated exclusively on the basis of adaptive behaviour
differences because existing standardized tests of intelligence cannot reliably or
validly distinguish among individuals with intellectual functioning below the 0.003rd
percentile.
6A00.3
Disorder of intellectual development, profound
A profound disorder of intellectual development is a condition originating during the
developmental period characterised by significantly below average intellectual
functioning and adaptive behaviour that are approximately four of more standard
deviations below the mean (approximately less than the 0.003rd percentile), based
on individually administered appropriately normed, standardized tests or by
comparable behavioural indicators when standardized testing is unavailable.
Affected persons possess very limited communication abilities and capacity for
acquisition of academic skills is restricted to basic concrete skills. They may also
have co-occurring motor and sensory impairments and typically require daily
support in a supervised environment for adequate care. Severe and profound
disorders of intellectual development are differentiated exclusively on the basis of
adaptive behaviour differences because existing standardized tests of intelligence
cannot reliably or validly distinguish among individuals with intellectual functioning
below the 0.003rd percentile.
6A00.4
Disorder of intellectual development, provisional
Disorder of intellectual development, provisional is assigned when there is evidence
of a disorder of intellectual development but the individual is an infant or child under
the age of four or it is not possible to conduct a valid assessment of intellectual
functioning and adaptive behaviour because of sensory or physical impairments
(e.g., blindness, pre-lingual deafness), motor or communication impairments, severe
problem behaviours or co-occurring mental and behavioural disorders.
6A00.Z
Disorders of intellectual development, unspecified
Use additional code, if desired, to identify any known aetiology.
Coding Note:
6A01
Developmental speech or language disorders
Developmental speech or language disorders arise during the developmental period
and are characterised by difficulties in understanding or producing speech and
language or in using language in context for the purposes of communication that
ICD-11 MMS – 09/2020
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are outside the limits of normal variation expected for age and level of intellectual
functioning. The observed speech and language problems are not attributable to
regional, social, or cultural/ethnic language variations and are not fully explained by
anatomical or neurological abnormalities. The presumptive aetiology for
Developmental speech or language disorders is complex, and in many individual
cases, is unknown.
6A01.0
Developmental speech sound disorder
Developmental speech sound disorder is characterised by difficulties in the
acquisition, production and perception of speech that result in errors of
pronunciation, either in number or types of speech errors made or the overall quality
of speech production, that are outside the limits of normal variation expected for
age and level of intellectual functioning and result in reduced intelligibility and
significantly affect communication. The errors in pronunciation arise during the
early developmental period and cannot be explained by social, cultural, and other
environmental variations (e.g., regional dialects). The speech errors are not fully
explained by a hearing impairment or a structural or neurological abnormality.
Inclusions:
Exclusions:
Functional speech articulation disorder
Deafness not otherwise specified (AB52)
Diseases of the nervous system (Chapter 08)
Dysarthria (MA80.2)
6A01.1
Developmental speech fluency disorder
Developmental speech fluency disorder is characterised by frequent or pervasive
disruption of the normal rhythmic flow and rate of speech characterised by
repetitions and prolongations in sounds, syllables, words, and phrases, as well as
blocking and word avoidance or substitutions. The speech dysfluency is persistent
over time. The onset of speech dysfluency occurs during the developmental period
and speech fluency is markedly below what would be expected for age. Speech
dysfluency results in significant impairment in social communication, personal,
family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.
The speech dysfluency is not better accounted for by a Disorder of Intellectual
Development, a Disease of the Nervous System, a sensory impairment, or a
structural abnormality, or other speech or voice disorder.
Exclusions:
6A01.2
Tic disorders (8A05)
Developmental language disorder
Developmental language disorder is characterised by persistent deficits in the
acquisition, understanding, production or use of language (spoken or signed), that
arise during the developmental period, typically during early childhood, and cause
significant limitations in the individual’s ability to communicate. The individual’s
ability to understand, produce or use language is markedly below what would be
expected given the individual’s age. The language deficits are not explained by
another neurodevelopmental disorder or a sensory impairment or neurological
condition, including the effects of brain injury or infection.
Exclusions:
Autism spectrum disorder (6A02)
Diseases of the nervous system (Chapter 08)
Deafness not otherwise specified (AB52)
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INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES -
Mortality and Morbidity Statistics
Selective mutism (6B06)
6A01.20
Developmental language disorder with impairment of receptive and expressive
language
Developmental language disorder with impairment of receptive and expressive
language is characterised by persistent difficulties in the acquisition, understanding,
production, and use of language that arise during the developmental period,
typically during early childhood, and cause significant limitations in the individual’s
ability to communicate. The ability to understand spoken or signed language (i.e.,
receptive language) is markedly below the expected level given the individual’s age
and level of intellectual functioning, and is accompanied by persistent impairment in
the ability to produce and use spoken or signed language (i.e., expressive language).
Inclusions:
Exclusions:
developmental dysphasia or aphasia, receptive type
acquired aphasia with epilepsy [Landau-Kleffner] (8A62.2)
Autism spectrum disorder (6A02)
Selective mutism (6B06)
dysphasia NOS (MA80.1)
Diseases of the nervous system (Chapter 08)
Deafness not otherwise specified (AB52)
6A01.21
Developmental language disorder with impairment of mainly expressive language
Developmental language disorder with impairment of mainly expressive language is
characterised by persistent difficulties in the acquisition, production, and use of
language that arise during the developmental period, typically during early childhood,
and cause significant limitations in the individual’s ability to communicate. The
ability to produce and use spoken or signed language (i.e., expressive language) is
markedly below the expected level given the individual’s age and level of intellectual
functioning, but the ability to understand spoken or signed language (i.e., receptive
language) is relatively intact.
Inclusions:
Exclusions:
Developmental dysphasia or aphasia, expressive type
acquired aphasia with epilepsy [Landau-Kleffner] (8A62.2)
Selective mutism (6B06)
dysphasia and aphasia: developmental, receptive type
(6A01.20)
dysphasia NOS (MA80.1)
aphasia NOS (MA80.0)
Diseases of the nervous system (Chapter 08)
Deafness not otherwise specified (AB52)
6A01.22
Developmental language disorder with impairment of mainly pragmatic language
Developmental language disorder with impairment of mainly pragmatic language is
characterised by persistent and marked difficulties with the understanding and use
of language in social contexts, for example making inferences, understanding verbal
humour, and resolving ambiguous meaning. These difficulties arise during the
developmental period, typically during early childhood, and cause significant
limitations in the individual’s ability to communicate. Pragmatic language abilities
are markedly below the expected level given the individual’s age and level of
ICD-11 MMS – 09/2020
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