cryptocurrency-world-survey.pdf

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Regulation of Cryptocurrency
Around the World
June 2018
The Law Library of Congress, Global Legal Research Center
(202) 707-5080 (phone) • (866) 550-0442 (fax) •
law@loc.gov
•
http://www.law.gov
This
report is provided for reference purposes only.
It does not constitute legal advice and does not represent the official
opinion of the United States Government. The information provided
reflects research undertaken as of the date of writing.
It has not been updated.
Contents
Comparative Summary
..............................................................................................................1
The Americas
.....................................................................................................................
7
Argentina..........................................................................................................................................7
Belize ...............................................................................................................................................8
Bermuda ...........................................................................................................................................8
Bolivia ..............................................................................................................................................9
Brazil ................................................................................................................................................9
Canada............................................................................................................................................10
Chile ...............................................................................................................................................12
Colombia ........................................................................................................................................12
Costa Rica ......................................................................................................................................13
Ecuador ..........................................................................................................................................14
El Salvador .....................................................................................................................................14
Guatemala ......................................................................................................................................15
Honduras ........................................................................................................................................16
Mexico ...........................................................................................................................................16
Venezuela .......................................................................................................................................17
The Caribbean
.................................................................................................................
19
I. Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
..........................................................................................19
II. Country Surveys
....................................................................................................................20
Anguilla..........................................................................................................................................20
Antigua and Barbuda .....................................................................................................................21
Bahamas .........................................................................................................................................22
Barbados ........................................................................................................................................23
British Virgin Islands .....................................................................................................................24
Cayman Islands ..............................................................................................................................24
Dominica ........................................................................................................................................25
Dominican Republic ......................................................................................................................25
Grenada ..........................................................................................................................................25
Jamaica...........................................................................................................................................25
Montserrat ......................................................................................................................................26
Saint Kitts and Nevis .....................................................................................................................26
Saint Lucia .....................................................................................................................................26
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ..................................................................................................27
Trinidad and Tobago ......................................................................................................................27
i
Europe
...............................................................................................................................
28
I. EU Member States...................................................................................................................28
European Union .............................................................................................................................28
Austria ............................................................................................................................................30
Belgium ..........................................................................................................................................31
Bulgaria ..........................................................................................................................................32
Croatia ............................................................................................................................................33
Cyprus ............................................................................................................................................33
Czech Republic ..............................................................................................................................33
Denmark .........................................................................................................................................34
Estonia............................................................................................................................................36
Finland ...........................................................................................................................................36
France .............................................................................................................................................38
Germany.........................................................................................................................................40
Greece ............................................................................................................................................42
Hungary..........................................................................................................................................42
Ireland ............................................................................................................................................42
Italy ................................................................................................................................................44
Latvia .............................................................................................................................................45
Lithuania ........................................................................................................................................45
Luxembourg ...................................................................................................................................46
Malta ..............................................................................................................................................47
Netherlands ....................................................................................................................................50
Poland ............................................................................................................................................52
Portugal ..........................................................................................................................................53
Romania .........................................................................................................................................53
Slovakia..........................................................................................................................................54
Slovenia..........................................................................................................................................54
Spain ..............................................................................................................................................55
Sweden ...........................................................................................................................................55
United Kingdom.............................................................................................................................58
II. Non-EU Members
..................................................................................................................59
Albania ...........................................................................................................................................59
Armenia..........................................................................................................................................60
Azerbaijan ......................................................................................................................................60
Belarus ...........................................................................................................................................60
Bosnia and Herzegovina ................................................................................................................61
Georgia ...........................................................................................................................................61
Gibraltar .........................................................................................................................................62
Guernsey ........................................................................................................................................64
Iceland ............................................................................................................................................65
Isle of Man .....................................................................................................................................66
ii
Jersey..............................................................................................................................................69
Kosovo ...........................................................................................................................................71
Liechtenstein ..................................................................................................................................71
Macedonia ......................................................................................................................................72
Moldova .........................................................................................................................................73
Montenegro ....................................................................................................................................73
Norway...........................................................................................................................................74
Russia .............................................................................................................................................75
Serbia .............................................................................................................................................77
Switzerland ....................................................................................................................................77
Ukraine ...........................................................................................................................................80
Middle East and North Africa
........................................................................................
82
Algeria............................................................................................................................................82
Bahrain ...........................................................................................................................................82
Egypt ..............................................................................................................................................82
Iran .................................................................................................................................................83
Iraq .................................................................................................................................................84
Israel ...............................................................................................................................................84
Jordan .............................................................................................................................................85
Kuwait ............................................................................................................................................86
Lebanon..........................................................................................................................................86
Morocco .........................................................................................................................................87
Oman ..............................................................................................................................................87
Qatar ...............................................................................................................................................88
Saudi Arabia...................................................................................................................................88
United Arab Emirates ....................................................................................................................88
Sub-Saharan Africa
.........................................................................................................
89
Ghana .............................................................................................................................................89
Kenya .............................................................................................................................................89
Lesotho ...........................................................................................................................................90
Mozambique ..................................................................................................................................91
Namibia ..........................................................................................................................................91
South Africa ...................................................................................................................................92
Swaziland .......................................................................................................................................94
Uganda ...........................................................................................................................................94
Zambia ...........................................................................................................................................95
Zimbabwe ......................................................................................................................................95
iii

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