WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf

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Insight Report
The Global
Competitiveness Report
2019
Klaus Schwab,
World Economic Forum
Insight Report
The Global
Competitiveness Report
2019
Professor Klaus Schwab
World Economic Forum
Editor
World Economic Forum
91-93 route de la Capite
CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva
Switzerland
Tel.: +41 (0)22 869 1212
Fax: +41 (0)22 786 2744
E-mail: contact@weforum.org
www.weforum.org
Copyright © 2019
by the World Economic Forum
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, or otherwise without the prior permission
of the World Economic Forum.
ISBN-13: 978-2-940631-02-5
The Report and an interactive data platform are available
at
www.weforum.org/gcr.
TERMS OF USE AND DISCLAIMER
The analysis presented in the
Global Competitiveness Report 2019
(herein: “Report”) is based on a methodology integrating the latest
statistics from international organizations and a survey of executives.
The methodology, developed in collaboration with leading experts and
practitioners through a three-year consultative process, is designed
to support countries to identify relevant policies and practices. The
findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not
necessarily reflect the views of the World Economic Forum.
The Report presents information and data that were compiled
and/or collected by the World Economic Forum (all information
and data referred herein as “Data”). Data in this Report is subject
to change without notice. The terms
country
and
nation
as used in
this Report do not in all cases refer to a territorial entity that is a state
as understood by international law and practice. The terms cover
well-defined, geographically self-contained economic areas that
may not be states but for which statistical data are maintained on
a separate and independent basis.
Although the World Economic Forum takes every reasonable step
to ensure that the Data thus compiled and/or collected is accurately
reflected in this Report, the World Economic Forum, its agents,
officers, and employees: (i) provide the Data “as is, as available” and
without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including,
without limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular
purpose and non-infringement; (ii) make no representations, express
or implied, as to the accuracy of the Data contained in this Report
or its suitability for any particular purpose; (iii) accept no liability for
any use of the said Data or reliance placed on it, in particular, for any
interpretation, decisions, or actions based on the Data in this Report.
Other parties may have ownership interests in some of the Data
contained in this Report. The World Economic Forum in no way
represents or warrants that it owns or controls all rights in all Data,
and the World Economic Forum will not be liable to users for any
claims brought against users by third parties in connection with their
use of any Data.
The World Economic Forum, its agents, officers, and employees
do not endorse or in any respect warrant any third-party products
or services by virtue of any Data, material, or content referred to or
included in this Report. Users shall not infringe upon the integrity of
the Data and in particular shall refrain from any act of alteration of
the Data that intentionally affects its nature or accuracy. If the Data is
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with the required source citation.
For Data compiled by parties other than the World Economic Forum,
as specified in Appendix A of this Report, users must refer to
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distribution, and reproduction of the Data.
When Data for which the World Economic Forum is the source
(herein “World Economic Forum”), as specified in Appendix A of this
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Users who intend to sell World Economic Forum Data as part of a
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Contents
Preface
by Klaus Schwab
v
Executive Summary
At a Glance:
The Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 2019 Rankings
Chapter 1:
Global Findings
Chapter 2:
Regional and Country Analysis
Chapter 3:
Competitiveness, Equality and Sustainability—The Way Forward
Economy Profiles
How to Read the Economy Profiles
Index of Economy Profiles
Economy Profiles
vii
xiii
1
11
23
41
43
45
46
Appendix A:
Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 Methodology and Technical Notes
Appendix B:
The Executive Opinion Survey:
The Voice of the Business Community
Contributors and Acknowledgements
Partner Institutes
611
633
641
643
The Global Competitiveness Report 2019 |
iii

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