Wickremasinghe. Tamil Grammar Self-Taught.pdf

(7981 KB) Pobierz
TO
Te^
Eev.
G.
U.
pope,
I
m.a.,
d.d.,
DEDICATE
THESE
PAGES
AS
A
TOKEN
OF
SINCERE
GRATITUDE
FOR
ASSISTANCE
RECEIVED
IN
MY
TAMIL
AND
TELUGU
STUDIES.
M.
DE
Z.
WiCKREMASINGHE.
Pi
Li^c;-^
PREFACE.
The
present
work
)°l^h
is
chiefly
intended
for
the
use
of
those
who
wish
knowledge
of
the
grammar
of
colloquial
Tamil
within
a
comparatively
short
time,
either
Tor
practical
purposes
or
as
the
preliminary
to
a
thorough
study
of
the
language.
Particularly
bearing
in
mind
students
who
work
without
a
teacher,
I
have
devoted
some
pages
wholly
to
the
subject
of
pronunciation,
and
have
given
the
transliteration
of
all
the
Tamil
words
occurring
in
the
grammar,
side
by
side
with
the
native
character.
This
will
enable
the
beginner
gradually
to
acquire
the
Tamil
character
as
he
proceeds
with
the
study
of
the
grammar
itself,
thereby
avoiding
a
needless
waste
of
time
and
trouble.
The
chapter
on
euphonic
changes
will
specially
appeal
to
those
who
ha\e
a
philological
turn
of
mind
for
this
gives
the
key
to
the
solution
of
many
difficulties
that
beset
an
ordinary
student
in
the
way
of
analysing
Tamil words
and
sentences
and
of
mastering
their
relationship
to
one
another.
1
have
added
a
few
exercises
in
translation
into
and
from
the
Tamil,
followed
by
a
key
also
a Tamil-English
vocabulary
containing
not only
all
the
words
found
in
the
text
of
the
grammar
and
in
the
For
a
exercises
but
also
very
many
others
that are
in
common
use.
series
of
progressive
exercises
in
the
Tamil
character
the
regular
student
is
referred
to
Dr.
Pope's
Handbook,
published
by
the
Oxford
Clarendon
Press.
Such
are the
scope
and
the
arrangement
of
the
present
work,
and
it
only
remains
for
me
now
to
acknowledge
my
manifold indebtedness
lo
Dr.
G.
U.
Pope,
who
has
guided
my
Tamil
and
Telugu
studies,
and
to
whom
this
work
is
dedicated.
My
thanks
are
also
due
to
the
editor
of
the
Self-Taught
Series
of
Languages,
for
many
present
valuable
suggestions
and
emendations.
to
acquire
a
;
;
M.
Indian
Institute,
DE
ZILVA
WICKREMASINGHE.
Oxford,
September,
1906.
"
Tamil
Self-Taught,"
will
be
companion
volume,
published
shortly,
and
will
include
an English-Tamil
alphabetical
vocabulary,
in
addition
to
a
large
number
of
vocabularies
and
con-
These
two
works
will
versations
classified
according
to
subject.
enable
one
speedily
to
acquire
as
much
Tamil
as
is
necessary
for
business
purposes,
and
also
to
lay
a
scientific
foundation
for
the
serious
study
of
Tamil
literature.
P.S.
—
A
304
PBEPATORY
NOTE
By
the
Rev.
G.
U.
Pope,
m.a.,
d.d.
The
author
few
words
of
to
say
that
on
carefully
examining
it
I
find
that
it
gives
a
very
correct
and
lucid
summary
of
the
chief
facts
of
the
spoken
language,
and
that
it
will
be
a valuable
introduction,
to
the
larger
books.
It
cannot
be
too
strongly
impressed,
grammar
has
asked
me
to
write
»
introduction
to
it.
It
gives
me
much
pleasure-
of
this
upon
the
student
that
every
word
must
be
connected
in
the-
mind
with
some
useful
sentence,
which
must
be
repeatedly
written
and
pronounced.
Nothing
will
compensate
for
the
absence
of
this
mechanical
drill.
It
is
of
real
importance
that
the
student
should
carefully
note
the
pronunciation
of
the
Tamil
character
^
when
it
occurs
singly
in
the
middle
of
a
word,
as
explained
on
page
9
otherwise
the
use
of
;
the
transliterative
symbol
d
for
;
this
sound
of
the
letter
might
be
a
stumbling-blojk.
may
have
a
wide
circulation
ill
hope
that
the
book
and
that
in
any
future
edition^
I
sincerely
may
be
substituted
for
d,
G.
U. P.
Oxford,
1906.
CONTENTS.
PART
I.
GRAMMAR
Vowels
Consonants
SylJabics
...
...
and
SYNTAX.
PAOE
...
...
...
The
Alphabet
and
Pronunciation
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
7
8
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
9
11
13
14
...
...
...
...
...
Conventional
Characters
Phonetic
Pronunciation
of
Tamil
...
...
Rules
of
Euphony
The
Sounds
of
the
Tamil
Alphabet
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
17
...
...
...
18
19
Vowels
with
Vowels
...
Vowels
with
Consonants
Consonants
with
Vowels
Consonants
with
Consonants
...
...
...
...
...
20
21
21
25
...
...
...
...
...
...
The
Pauts
of
Speech
Articles
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25
25
25
27
Nouns
Declension
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Gender
and
Number
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Pronouns
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Personal
...
Demonstrative
Interrogative
...
Reflexive
Distributive...
...
...
29
29
32
34
.34
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
34
Adjectives
Derivative
...
...
35
Nouns
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Numerals
Cardinals
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ordinals
Fractions
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
....
36
88
38
40
41
41
41
44
47
Verbs
Tenses
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
•••
...
The
Negative
Models
...
...
...
...
...

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