Bigun J., Vision with Direction A Systematic Introduction to Image Processing and Computer Vision.pdf

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Josef Bigun
Vision with Direction
Josef Bigun
Vision with Direction
A Systematic Introduction
to Image Processing and Computer Vision
With 146 Figures, including 130 in Color
123
Josef Bigun
IDE-Sektionen
Box 823
SE-30118, Halmstad
Sweden
josef.bigun@ide.hh.se
www.hh.se/staff/josef
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005934891
ACM Computing Classification (1998):
I.4, I.5, I.3, I.2.10
ISBN-10 3-540-27322-0 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN-13 978-3-540-27322-6 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material
is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broad-
casting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of
this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law
of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from
Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media
springer.com
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
Printed in Germany
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not
imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant pro-
tective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Typeset by the author using a Springer TEX macro package
Production: LE-TEX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, Leipzig
Cover design: KünkelLopka Werbeagentur, Heidelberg
Printed on acid-free paper
45/3142/YL - 5 4 3 2 1 0
To my parents, H. and S. Bigun
Preface
Image analysis is a computational feat which humans show excellence in, in compar-
ison with computers. Yet the list of applications that rely on automatic processing of
images has been growing at a fast pace. Biometric authentication by face, fingerprint,
and iris, online character recognition in cell phones as well as drug design tools are
but a few of its benefactors appearing on the headlines.
This is, of course, facilitated by the valuable output of the resarch community
in the past 30 years. The pattern recognition and computer vision communities that
study image analysis have large conferences, which regularly draw 1000 partici-
pants. In a way this is not surprising, because much of the human-specific activities
critically rely on intelligent use of vision. If routine parts of these activities can be
automated, much is to be gained in comfort and sustainable development. The re-
search field could equally be called
visual intelligence
because it concerns nearly all
activities of awake humans. Humans use or rely on pictures or pictorial languages
to represent, analyze, and develop abstract metaphors related to nearly every aspect
of thinking and behaving, be it science, mathematics, philosopy, religion, music, or
emotions.
The present volume is an introductory textbook on signal analysis of visual com-
putation for senior-level undergraduates or for graduate students in science and en-
gineering. My modest goal has been to present the frequently used techniques to
analyze images in a common framework–directional image processing. In that, I am
certainly influenced by the massive evidence of intricate directional signal process-
ing being accumulated on human vision. My hope is that the contents of the present
text will be useful to a broad category of knowledge workers, not only those who
are technically oriented. To understand and reveal the secrets of, in my view, the
most advanced signal analysis “system” of the known universe, primate vision, is a
great challenge. It will predictably require cross-field fertilizations of many sorts in
science, not the least among computer vision, neurobiology, and psychology.
The book has five parts, which can be studied fairly independently. These stud-
ies are most comfortable if the reader has the equivalent mathematical knowledge
acquired during the first years of engineering studies. Otherwise, the lemmas and
theorems can be read to acquire a quick overview, even with a weaker theoretical

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