Zmanipulowana Troja.Historia-Mity-Polityka_Kolb,F.pdf

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ZMANIPULOWANA
«TROJA»
Historia – Mity – Polityka
INSTITUTE OF EUROPEAN CULTURE
ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ
ACTA HUMANISTICA GNESNENSIA
VOL. XII
“TROY’’ MANIPULATED
MYTHS – HISTORY – POLITICS
Frank Kolb
The fascination with Troy and its myth is well-established in European culture, being its insepara-
ble component. The tale of Troy and Trojans is where many saw their own roots, as well as the
roots of the identity of European civilisation. The fates of the city on the Scamander were both
a warning against the threat of a downfall from greatness, and served as an appeal for action for the
betterment of states and societies. Nevertheless, the authenticity of events depicted by Homer in
Iliad
and
Odyssey
has been fervently debated since antiquity. It consists essentially in a twofold
approach to the poetic portrayal, where the latter is treated either as a faithful historical account or
a purely artistic vision, a picture of an unreal world conceived by the poet. The former conviction
was manifested in the search for a location where the events had taken place. These efforts culmi-
nated in the undertakings of Heinrich Schliemann, to whom ancient Troy was to be found on the
hill of Hisarlik overlooking the Dardanelles, though he was not the first one to have claimed so.
Schliemann and his successors were guided by one thought and purpose: to prove that Hisarlik
hides remnants of Troy. The archaeological excavations which the team of the University of
Tubingen embarked on in 1988 were expected to provide conclusive evidence. Their work was
crowned with the extensive exhibition entitled
Troja: Traum und Wirklichkeit
(Troy: Dream and
Reality) which was shown Germany in 2001-2002. The exposition sought to convince the visitors
that the hill of Hisarlik had once been a site of a great, splendid city, with a mighty citadel and
sprawling „lower city”: Homer’s Troy. Frank Kolb challenges the legitimacy of such notion. He
proves that the tale of Troy and the Trojan war is only a myth. There was no city of such name, nor
had any events of Iliad taken place. Kolb also demonstrates that the proposition the archaeologists
advance has nothing to do with science, and cannot be treated as viable or valid in any way. It
results, Kolb argues, from a far-reaching instrumentalization of myth, perpetuated for ideological,
political and economic purposes. The propounded vision tallied with the expectation of the politi-
cal and economic circles; it was devised in contradiction of scientific facts or research findings,
which in themselves were deliberately misrepresented, even by means of tampering with archaeologi-
cal documentation. The book “Troy’’ Manipulated, which exposes such state of affairs, makes an
impassioned appeal to the scholarly milieus who should strive to make their research reliable and
independent, to avoid becoming entangled with the world of politics and business, to resolve pro-
blems of history and interpretation based on the analysis of sources and scientific deduction. The
volume does inspire reflection on the manner of approaching sources and their occasionally wrongful
utilization, simultaneously demonstrating the certain ideologized myths can endure long centuries.
INSTYTUT KULTURY EUROPEJSKIEJ
UNIWERSYTETU IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA W POZNANIU
GNIEŹNIEŃSKIE PRACE HUMANISTYCZNE
TOM XII
Frank Kolb
ZMANIPULOWANA
«TROJA»
Historia – Mity – Polityka
Przedsłowiem opatrzył i do druku podał
Leszek Mrozewicz
Przekład
Leszek Mrozewicz, Aurelia Pawlicka
Konsultacja archeologiczna
Mateusz Jaeger
WYDAWNICTWO NAUKA
I INNOWACJE POZNAŃ
Gniezno 2016
Institute of European Culture
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Instytut Kultury Europejskiej
Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Acta Humanistica Gnesnensia / Gnieźnieńskie Prace Humanistyczne
vol. XII / tom XII
Redaktor serii / Series editor
Leszek Mrozewicz
Tytuł oryginału / The original edition was published under the title
Frank Kolb, Tatort «Troia». Geschichte – Mythen – Politik,
Paderborn-München-Wien-Zürich 2010
Copyright © by Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn
Copyright for Polish translation © by Leszek Mrozewicz, Aurelia Pawlicka
Recenzenci wydania polskiego / Reviewers of the Polish edition
Janusz Czebreszuk, Maria Dzielska
Edycja niniejszej książki jest wspólną inicjatywą
Instytutu Kultury Europejskiej UAM w Gnieźnie
oraz
Wydawnictwa Nauka i Innowacje w Poznaniu
Projekt okładki / Book cover design
Władysław Kondej
Na okładce:
Koń Trojański – wersja współczesna przy wejściu do Parku Archeologicznego
Troja w Turcji. Fotografia ze zbiorów Zakładu Historii Starożytnej
Uniwersytetu w Tybindze
Indeks
Zofia Kaczmarek
Przygotowanie ilustracji do druku
Michał Duch
Copyright © by IKE, Gniezno 2016
ISBN 978-83-65287-28-1
Adres redakcji / Editorial office
ul. Kostrzewskiego 5-7, 62-200 Gniezno
tel. 61 8294800, faks 61 8294802
Skład, druk i oprawa / Typeset, printed and bound by
Wydawnictwo Naukowe CONTACT / ABC
ul. Marcelińska 18, 60-801 Poznań, Poland

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