The Gyroscope Demystified, how it works.pdf

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Why does a spinning object "want" to maintain its angular orientation? Many

physics texts fail to explain this, and instead simply assert that it happens and you

should accept it. But that always left me hungry for a real explanation. Here it is:

A gyroscope is at rest in a zero-gravity environment. It

consists of a simple smooth (frictionless) disc, and a metal

pin running through the center for giving it a spin.

The disc is not spinning. Using your finger, you push down

on a spot near the edge of the disc.

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As expected, the disc tilts around its center, easily changing

angular orientation.

Now we get the disc spinning at a high rate, and do the same

experiment again. This time the whole disc moves down,

without changing orientation, even though we pushed it near

the edge. How did it do that?

Now let's do the experiments again, but this time use a red

marking pen. Unlike your finger, the marker leaves red ink

wherever it pushes an object.

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With the disc not spinning, we try the experiment. The disc

changes orientation easily, as expected, and the red spot on

the disc shows where it was pushed.

Now we do it with the disc rapidly spinning. As soon as the

marker touches the disc, a red circle appears all the way

around the disc. This red circle shows

all the points where

the disc is being pushed down.

Naturally, no angular

orientation change will occur when the disc is being pushed

on all the points of a circular path which is centered on the

disc. The whole disc will move down, just as you should

expect it to move when you push it down on all points of the

red circle!

Hey, that wasn't so mysterious after all, was it!

Gyroscope links:

How Stuff Works -- How Gyroscopes Work

Gyroscopes As Propulsion Devices

How A Gyroscope Works

Operation Of A Gyroscope

The Sperry Gyroscope

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