Introducing Elixir_ Getting Started in Functional Programming [St. Laurent & Eisenberg 2014-09-25].pdf

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Elixir

GETTING STARTED IN FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING

Introducing

Simon St. Laurent & J. David Eisenberg

www.it-ebooks.info

Introducing Elixir

Elixir is an excellent language if you want to learn about functional

programming, and with this hands-on introduction, you’ll discover just

how powerful and fun Elixir can be. This language combines the robust

functional programming of Erlang with a syntax similar to Ruby, and

includes powerful features for metaprogramming.

This book shows you how to write simple Elixir programs by teaching one skill

at a time. Once you pick up pattern matching, process-oriented programming,

and other concepts, you’ll understand why Elixir makes it easier to build

concurrent and resilient programs that scale up and down with ease.

■

Get comfortable with IEx, Elixir’s command-line interface

Discover atoms, pattern matching, and guards: the foundations

of your program structure

Delve into the heart of Elixir with recursion, strings, lists, and

higher-order functions

Create processes, send messages among them, and apply

pattern matching to incoming messages

Store and manipulate structured data with Erlang Term Storage

and the Mnesia database

Build resilient applications with Erlang’s Open Telecom

Platform

Define macros with Elixir’s metaprogramming tools

■

Simon St. Laurent

is a Strategic Content Director at O’Reilly Media, Inc., focusing

primarily on web-related topics. He is co-chair of O’Reilly’s Fluent and OSCON

conferences. Simon has written or co-written books, including

Introducing Erlang,

Learning Rails 3,

and

XML Pocket Reference,

Third Edition (all O’Reilly).

J. David Eisenberg

is a programmer and instructor in San Jose, California, with a

talent for teaching and explaining. He’s developed courses for CSS, JavaScript,

CGI, and XML, and teaches Computer Information Technology courses at

Evergreen Valley College. David has written books including

SVG Essentials,

Études for Erlang

(both O’Reilly), and

Let’s Read Hiragana

(Eisenberg Consulting).

PROGR AMMING L ANGUAGES

Twitter: @oreillymedia

facebook.com/oreilly

US $24.99

CAN $26.99

ISBN: 978-1-449-36999-6

www.it-ebooks.info

Introducing Elixir

Simon St. Laurent and J. David Eisenberg

www.it-ebooks.info

Introducing Elixir

by Simon St. Laurent and J. David Eisenberg

Printed in the United States of America.

Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.

O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are

also available for most titles (http://safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/

institutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or

corporate@oreilly.com.

Editors:

Simon St. Laurent and Meghan Blanchette

Production Editor:

Melanie Yarbrough

Proofreader:

Amanda Kersey

Indexer:

J. David Eisenberg

September 2014:

First Edition

Cover Designer:

Karen Montgomery

Interior Designer:

David Futato

Illustrator:

Rebecca Demarest

Revision History for the First Edition:

2014-09-10:

First release

See

http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781449369996

for release details.

The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc.

Introducing Elixir,

the cover image of a

four-horned antelope, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc.

Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as

trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc. was aware of a trademark

claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps.

While the publisher and the authors have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and in‐

structions contained in this work are accurate, the publisher and the authors disclaim all responsibility for

errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of or

reliance on this work. Use of the information and instructions contained in this work is at your own risk. If

any code samples or other technology this work contains or describes is subject to open source licenses or

the intellectual property rights of others, it is your responsibility to ensure that your use thereof complies

with such licenses and/or rights.

ISBN: 978-1-449-36999-6

[LSI]

www.it-ebooks.info

Table of Contents

Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

1. Getting Comfortable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Installation

Installing Erlang

Installing Elixir

Firing It Up

First Steps

Moving Through Text and History

Moving Through Files

Doing Something

Calling Functions

Numbers in Elixir

Working with Variables in the Shell

2. Functions and Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Fun with fn

And the &

Defining Modules

From Module to Free-Floating Function

Splitting Code Across Modules

Combining Functions with the Pipe Operator

Importing Functions

Default Values for Arguments

Documenting Code

Documenting Functions

Documenting Modules

iii

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