Addison-Wesley - Planning Extreme Programming.pdf

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Planning Extreme Programming
Kent Beck
Martin Fowler
Publisher: Addison Wesley
First Edition October 12, 2000
ISBN: 0-201-71091-9, 160 pages
Front Matter
Table of Contents
About the Author
"XP is the most important movement in our field today. I predict that it will
be as essential to the present generation as the S.E.I. and its Capability
Maturity Model were to the last."
--From the foreword by Tom DeMarco
The hallmarks of Extreme Programming--constant integration and
automated testing, frequent small releases that incorporate continual
customer feedback, and a teamwork approach--make it an exceptionally
flexible and effective approach to software development. Once considered
radical, Extreme Programming (XP) is rapidly becoming recognized as an
approach particularly well-suited to small teams facing vague or rapidly
changing requirements--that is, the majority of projects in today’s
fast-paced software development world.
Within this context of flexibility and rapid-fire changes, planning is critical;
without it, software projects can quickly fall apart. Written by
acknowledged XP authorities Kent Beck and Martin Fowler,
Planning
Extreme Programming
presents the approaches, methods, and advice you
need to plan and track a successful Extreme Programming project. The key
XP philosophy: Planning is not a one-time event, but a constant process of
reevaluation and course-correction throughout the lifecycle of the project.
You will learn how planning is essential to controlling workload, reducing
programmer stress, increasing productivity, and keeping projects on track.
Planning Extreme Programming also focuses on the importance of
estimating the cost and time for each user story (requirement), determining
its priority, and planning software releases accordingly.
Specific topics include:
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Planning and the four key variables: cost, quality, time, and scope
Deciding how many features to incorporate into a release
Estimating scope, time, and effort for user stories
Prioritizing user stories
Balancing the business value and technical risk of user stories
Rebuilding the release plan based on customer and programmer
input
Choosing the iteration length
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Tracking an iteration
What to do when you’re not going to make the date
Dealing with bugs
Making changes to the team
Outsourcing
Working with business contracts
In addition, this book alerts you to the red flags that signal serious
problems: customers who will not make decisions, growing defect reports,
failing daily builds, and more. An entire chapter is devoted to war stories
from the trenches that illustrate the real-world problems many programmers
encounter and the solutions they’ve devised.
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Table of Content
Table of Content ............................................................................................................. 3
Foreword ......................................................................................................................... 6
Preface............................................................................................................................. 7
Acknowledgments........................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 1. Why Plan? ................................................................................................... 10
Why We Should Plan................................................................................................ 11
What We Need in Planning....................................................................................... 12
The Planning Trap..................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 2. Fear.............................................................................................................. 15
Unacknowledged Fear Is the Source of All Software Project Failures .................... 16
Customer Bill of Rights ............................................................................................ 16
Programmer Bill of Rights........................................................................................ 17
Chapter 3. Driving Software ......................................................................................... 18
Chapter 4. Balancing Power ......................................................................................... 21
The Customer............................................................................................................ 22
Finding a Customer................................................................................................... 23
Guiding the Customer ............................................................................................... 23
Chapter 5. Overviews.................................................................................................... 25
Top Down ................................................................................................................. 25
Bottom Up................................................................................................................. 26
Chapter 6. Too Much to Do .......................................................................................... 27
Chapter 7. Four Variables ............................................................................................. 29
Cost ........................................................................................................................... 29
Quality....................................................................................................................... 30
Time and Scope......................................................................................................... 31
Shopping for Stories ................................................................................................. 31
Chapter 8. Yesterday's Weather.................................................................................... 33
The Story................................................................................................................... 33
How It Works............................................................................................................ 33
Chapter 9. Scoping a Project......................................................................................... 35
Making the Big Plan ................................................................................................. 36
What, Me Worry? ..................................................................................................... 37
Chapter 10. Release Planning ....................................................................................... 39
Who Does Release Planning? ................................................................................... 39
How Stable Is the Release Plan?............................................................................... 40
How Far in Advance Do You Plan? ......................................................................... 40
How Do You Plan Infrastructure? ............................................................................ 41
How Do You Store the Release Plan? ...................................................................... 41
How Much Can You Put into a Release?.................................................................. 41
Release Planning Chapters........................................................................................ 42
Chapter 11. Writing Stories .......................................................................................... 43
Principles of Good Stories ........................................................................................ 43
Feedback from Estimation ........................................................................................ 45
Prioritizing User Stories............................................................................................ 45
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Traceability ............................................................................................................... 46
Splitting User Stories ................................................................................................ 46
User Story Adornments............................................................................................. 47
The Story Writing Process ........................................................................................ 47
When Are You Done Writing Stories? ..................................................................... 48
The Disposition of User Stories................................................................................ 48
Example .................................................................................................................... 48
Chapter 12. Estimation.................................................................................................. 52
Estimating the Size of a Story................................................................................... 52
Estimating How Much You Can Do in an Iteration ................................................. 53
The Meaning of Ideal Time ...................................................................................... 54
Improving Your Estimates........................................................................................ 55
Chapter 13. Ordering the Stories .................................................................................. 57
Business Value.......................................................................................................... 58
Technical Risk .......................................................................................................... 59
Negotiating Between the Two .................................................................................. 59
Example Release Plan............................................................................................... 60
Chapter 14. Release Planning Events ........................................................................... 62
Changing the Priorities of Stories ............................................................................. 62
Adding a Story .......................................................................................................... 62
Rebuild the Release Plan .......................................................................................... 62
Chapter 15. The First Plan ............................................................................................ 64
Making the First Plan................................................................................................ 64
Choosing Your Iteration Length ............................................................................... 65
Getting Started .......................................................................................................... 66
Chapter 16. Release Planning Variations...................................................................... 67
Short Releases........................................................................................................... 67
Long Releases ........................................................................................................... 67
Small Stories ............................................................................................................. 68
Chapter 17. Iteration Planning ...................................................................................... 70
Never Slip the Date................................................................................................... 70
Chapter 18. Iteration Planning Meeting........................................................................ 72
Understanding the Story ........................................................................................... 72
Listing the Tasks for an Iteration .............................................................................. 73
Technical Tasks ........................................................................................................ 73
Measuring the Velocity of a Programmer................................................................. 74
Signing Up and Estimating Tasks............................................................................. 74
Scut Work ................................................................................................................. 75
Too Much to Do........................................................................................................ 75
Too Little to Do ........................................................................................................ 76
Example .................................................................................................................... 76
Chapter 19. Tracking an Iteration ................................................................................. 79
Iteration Progress Check ........................................................................................... 79
Falling Behind........................................................................................................... 83
When a Programmer Has Extra Time....................................................................... 84
When Is the Iteration Done? ..................................................................................... 84
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When Is a Story Done? ............................................................................................. 84
Example Iteration Tracking ...................................................................................... 84
Chapter 20. Stand-up Meetings..................................................................................... 87
Chapter 21. Visible Graphs........................................................................................... 88
Examples................................................................................................................... 88
Productivity............................................................................................................... 89
Integration Hell (Well, "Heck" Anyway) ................................................................. 89
Choosing Which Graphs to Show............................................................................. 90
Chapter 22. Dealing with Bugs..................................................................................... 92
Dealing with Production Defects .............................................................................. 93
Production Support Team ......................................................................................... 93
Dealing with Critical Bugs........................................................................................ 94
Chapter 23. Changes to the Team ................................................................................. 95
Coming...................................................................................................................... 95
Going......................................................................................................................... 95
Splitting the Team..................................................................................................... 95
People Growing ........................................................................................................ 95
Chapter 24. Tools.......................................................................................................... 97
Chapter 25. Business Contracts .................................................................................... 99
Outsourcing............................................................................................................... 99
In-House Development ........................................................................................... 100
Shrink-Wrap............................................................................................................ 101
Chapter 26. Red Flags................................................................................................. 102
Missing Estimates ................................................................................................... 102
Customers Won't Make Decisions.......................................................................... 103
Defect Reports ........................................................................................................ 103
Not Going End to End............................................................................................. 103
Failing Builds.......................................................................................................... 104
Customer Won't Finish ........................................................................................... 104
Chapter 27. Your Own Process................................................................................... 105
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